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A PRELIMINARY CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY : THE PREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS
SERO-POSITIVE IN DIALYSIS PATIENTS IN A SINGLE UNIT CENTRE IN EAST JAVA
ﾐINDONESIA and IN JUNTENDO-JAPAN
Djoko Santoso 1 , Moh. Yogiantoro1, Pranawa 1 , Widodo1, A. Wardana1,
N. Mardiana1, C. Irwanadi1, Soewanto1, Ichiyu Shou2, Kunimi Maeda2, Chieko
Hamada2, Mitsumine Fukui2, Satoshi Horikoshi2 and Yasuhiko Tomino2
1.Division of Nephrology - Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine,
Dr.Soetomo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University - Surabaya,
Indonesia. 2.Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine,
Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
Background.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains significant among chronic hemodialysis
patients. The prevalence of HCV infection among dialysis patients has
been reported in markedly different range from low to high. The wide variation
can be found among different countries or even within a single country
. Risk factors for HCV infection among dialysis patients have been identified
and evaluated to be the markers of the high incidence. We selected a sample
of dialysis patients and measured the predictor and outcome variables
of the dialysis patients with HCV sero-positive.
Objective.
To find out the prevalence of HCV sero-positive in Dialysis Patients and
to recognize the characteristics of the risk factors.
Subject and method.
A total number of 50 HD patients from each dialysis centre were studied,
with informed-written-consent. The patientsﾕ characteristics such as:
age, gender, history of transfusion, time on dialysis were recorded analised.
Further, it was examined whether all patients of both units had an access
to the implementation of universal precaution. All the serum samples were
tested using the INNO-test Antibody III enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for the
presence of antibody to HCV.
Results.
The prevalence of HCV sero-positive in dialysis patients treated in Surabaya
centre (Indonesia) was reported high (88%). There were some factors which
might explain the high prevalence: the absence of initial screening for
HCV sero-positive to patients admitted to dialysis centre, the frequent
numbers of transfusion in patients with poor quality of screening instead
of ideal, the poor implementation of universal precaution. Nevertheless,
the prevalence of HCV sero-positive in dialysis patients treated in Juntendo
centre (Japan) was reported relatively low (6%). Unlike in Surabaya centre
(Indonesia), in Juntendo centre (Japan), those factors were strictly concerned,
therefore, the transmission of HCV sero-positive was not wide-spread to
other dialyisis patients.
Conclusion.
The result of this study might not be a reliable data as the population
sample involved 50 patients of each dialysis centre. However, the supposed
factors which could contribute the high number of prevalence are necessarily
considered by the dialysis centre. This way, the higher rate of HCV sero-positive
prevalence in dialysis patients, especially in Surabaya centre will not
occur, on the other hand, the high prevalence will drop to a lower rate
of prevalence
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